Repositorio
Institucional

Campos-Jara, Christian

Contreras-Osorio, Falonn

Ramirez-Campillo, Rodrigo

Cerda-Vega, Enrique

Campos-Jara, Rodrigo

Martinez-Salazar, Cristian

Araneda, Rodrigo

Ebner-Karestinos, Daniela

Arellano-Roco, Cristian

Effects of Sport-Based Exercise Interventions on Executive Function in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

MDPI

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH

en

Exercise programs of moderate-to-vigorous intensity have been shown to improve the cognitive performance of older people. However, the specific effects of sports-based exercise programs on cognitive performance, particularly executive functions, remain unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to clarify the effects of sports-based exercise programs on executive functions in older adults using a systematic review and meta-analysis of the scientific literature. A systematic review was conducted between 1 March and 1 July 2022, to look for published scientific evidence that analyzed different sports programs that may have affected executive function in healthy older adults. Longitudinal studies, which assessed the effects of sports interventions on healthy older adults, were identified through a systematic search of the four principal electronic databases: Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCO. A total of nine studies with a total of 398 subjects met the inclusion criteria and were classified based on one or more of the following categories: working memory, inhibition, and cognitive flexibility. The DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model was performed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software to facilitate the analysis of the studies. Statistical significance was set at p <= 0.05. In terms of working memory, a small but positive significant effect was noted for the intervention group compared to the control group (effect size (ES) = 0.35, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.04-0.67, p = 0.029, I-2 = 36.7%), in terms of inhibition, the intervention had a small favoring but no significant effect compared to the control group (ES = 0.20, 95% CI = -0.42-0.84, p = 0.517, I-2 = 78.8%), and in terms of cognitive flexibility, the intervention had a small favoring but no significant effect compared to the control group (ES = 0.39, 95% CI = -0.11-0.89, p = 0.131, I-2 = 75.5%). Our findings suggest that healthy older adults should be encouraged to participate in sports to improve their working memory, however, more studies are required in this area to reach more robust conclusions. This systematic review was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (registration number: CRD42022284788).

artículo de revisión

10.3390/ijerph191912573

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executive function

inhibitory control

working memory

cognitive flexibility

sport

older adults

PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY

COGNITIVE FUNCTION

PEDRO SCALE

METHODOLOGICAL QUALITY

INTERFERENCE CONTROL

CHILDRENS COGNITION

BRAIN PLASTICITY

MOTOR CONTROL

PERFORMANCE

FITNESS

Ciencias Ambientales

Salud pública

ambiental y ocupacional

función ejecutiva

control inhibitorio

memoria de trabajo

flexibilidad cognitiva

deporte

adultos mayores

ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA

FUNCIÓN COGNITIVA

ESCALA PEDRO

CALIDAD METODOLÓGICA

CONTROL DE INTERFERENCIAS

COGNICIÓN INFANTIL

PLASTICIDAD CEREBRAL

CONTROL MOTOR

RENDIMIENTO

APTITUD

Geriatría y Gerontología

Ciencias del Deporte y Acondicionamiento Físico

Otras Especialidades de la Psicología

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verde

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WOS:000866732100001

Effects of Sport-Based Exercise Interventions on Executive Function in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

artículo de revisión

CC BY 4.0

CC BY 4.0