Repositorio
Institucional

Souza-Tavares, Henrique

Miranda, Carolline Santos

Vasques-Monteiro, Isabela Macedo Lopes

Sandoval, Cristian

Santana-Oliveira, Daiana Araujo

Silva-Veiga, Flavia Maria

Fernandes-da-Silva, Aline

Souza-Mello, Vanessa

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors as targets to treat metabolic diseases: Focus on the adipose tissue, liver, and pancreas

BAISHIDENG PUBLISHING GROUP INC

WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY

en

The world is experiencing reflections of the intersection of two pandemics: Obesity and coronavirus disease 2019. The prevalence of obesity has tripled since 1975 worldwide, representing substantial public health costs due to its comorbidities. The adipose tissue is the initial site of obesity impairments. During excessive energy intake, it undergoes hyperplasia and hypertrophy until overt inflammation and insulin resistance turn adipocytes into dysfunctional cells that send lipotoxic signals to other organs. The pancreas is one of the organs most affected by obesity. Once lipotoxicity becomes chronic, there is an increase in insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells, a surrogate for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). These alterations threaten the survival of the pancreatic islets, which tend to become dysfunctional, reaching exhaustion in the long term. As for the liver, lipotoxicity favors lipogenesis and impairs beta-oxidation, resulting in hepatic steatosis. This silent disease affects around 30% of the worldwide population and can evolve into end-stage liver disease. Although therapy for hepatic steatosis remains to be defined, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) activation copes with T2DM management. Peroxisome PPARs are transcription factors found at the intersection of several metabolic pathways, leading to insulin resistance relief, improved thermogenesis, and expressive hepatic steatosis mitigation by increasing mitochondrial beta-oxidation. This review aimed to update the potential of PPAR agonists as targets to treat metabolic diseases, focusing on adipose tissue plasticity and hepatic and pancreatic remodeling.

2023

artículo de revisión

10.3748/wjg.v29.i26.4136

PDF

Obesity

Insulin resistance

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors

Pancreas

Hepatic steatosis

Adipose tissue

Gastroenterología y Hepatología

Obesidad

Resistencia a la insulina

Receptores activados por proliferadores de peroxisomas

Páncreas

Esteatosis hepática

Tejido adiposo

versión publicada

dorada

verde

acceso abierto

acceso abierto

WOS:001032642100003

4136.0

4155

artículo de revisión

CC BY-NC 4.0

CC BY-NC 4.0

1007-9327

Gastroenterología y Hepatología

CNPQ 303785/2020-9

FAPERJ E-26/200.984/2022