Repositorio
Institucional

Turner, Andrew D.

Fenwick, David#Powell, Andy#Dhanji-Rapkova, Monika#Ford, Charlotte#Hatfield, Robert G.#Santos, Andres#Martinez-Urtaza, Jaime#Bean, Tim P.#Baker-Austin, Craig#Stebbing, Paul

New Invasive Nemertean Species (Cephalothrix Simula) in England with High Levels of Tetrodotoxin and a Microbiome Linked to Toxin Metabolism

MDPI

MARINE DRUGS

en

The marine nemertean Cephalothrix simula originates from the Pacific Ocean but in recent years has been discovered in northern Europe. The species has been associated with high levels of the marine neurotoxin Tetrodotoxin, traditionally associated with Pufferfish Poisoning. This study reports the first discovery of two organisms of C. simula in the UK, showing the geographical extent of this species is wider than originally described. Species identification was initially conducted morphologically, with confirmation by Cox 1 DNA sequencing. 16S gene sequencing enabled the taxonomic assignment of the microbiome, showing the prevalence of a large number of bacterial genera previously associated with TTX production including Alteromonas, Vibrio and Pseudomonas. LC-MS/MS analysis of the nemertean tissue revealed the presence of multiple analogues of TTX, dominated by the parent TTX, with a total toxin concentration quantified at 54 mu g TTX per g of tissue. Pseudomonas luteola isolated from C. simula, together with Vibrio alginolyticus from the native nemertean Tubulanus annulatus, were cultured at low temperature and both found to contain TTX. Overall, this paper confirms the high toxicity of a newly discovered invasive nemertean species with links to toxin-producing marine bacteria and the potential risk to human safety. Further work is required to assess the geographical extent and toxicity range of C. simula along the UK coast in order to properly gauge the potential impacts on the environment and human safety.

Artículo original

Cefas toxin work conducted partially using funds from the EU Interreg Atlantic Area, AlertoxNet project together with internal Seedcorn funding. Andres Santos work was supported by the grants CONICYT-Doctorado Nacional-2017-21171392 and Universidad de La Frontera CD-FRO1204.

El trabajo sobre la toxina Cefas se realizó parcialmente con fondos del proyecto AlertoxNet del Área Atlántica Interreg de la UE, junto con financiación interna de Seedcorn. El trabajo de Andrés Santos contó con el apoyo de las becas CONICYT-Doctorado Nacional-2017-21171392 y de la Universidad de La Frontera CD-FRO1204.

10.3390/md16110452

pdf

tetrodotoxin# nemertean# bacteria# toxicity# invasive species

http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md16110452

Chemistry, Medicinal# Pharmacology & Pharmacy

tetrodotoxina# nemertino# bacterias# toxicidad# especies invasoras

Biología Marina y Limnología

Microbiología

Toxicología

WOS:000451159500055

New Invasive Nemertean Species (<i>Cephalothrix Simula</i>) in England with High Levels of Tetrodotoxin and a Microbiome Linked to Toxin Metabolism

Artículo original

version publicada

MDPI

MARINE DRUGS

Química Medicinal# Farmacología y farmacia

en

EU Interreg Atlantic Area#AlertoxNet#ANID DOCTORADO 21171392#UFRO CD FRO1204

EU Interreg Atlantic Area

ANID CONICYT Doctorado Nacional 2017 21171392

UFRO FRO1204

Cefas toxin work conducted partially using funds from the EU Interreg Atlantic Area, AlertoxNet project together with internal Seedcorn funding. Andres Santos work was supported by the grants CONICYT-Doctorado Nacional-2017-21171392 and Universidad de La Frontera CD-FRO1204.

pdf

dorada#verde

acceso abierto

acceso abierto

CC BY