Repositorio
Institucional

Bernhard, Nadine

Moskwa, Lisa-Marie#Schmidt, Karsten#Oeser, Ralf A.#Aburto, Felipe#Bader, Maaike Y.#Baumann, Karen#von Blanckenburg, Friedhelm#Boy, Jens#van den Brink, Liesbeth#Brucker, Emanuel#Buedel, Burkhard#Canessa, Rafaella#Dippold, Michaela A.#Ehlers, Todd A.#Fuentes, Juan P.#Godoy, Roberto#Jung, Patrick#Karsten, Ulf#Koester, Moritz#Kuzyakov, Yakov#Leinweber, Peter#Neidhardt, Harald#Matus, Francisco#Mueller, Carsten W.#Oelmann, Yvonne#Oses, Romulo#Osses, Pablo#Paulino, Leandro#Samolov, Elena#Schaller, Mirjam#Schmid, Manuel#Spielvogel, Sandra#Spohn, Marie#Stock, Svenja#Stroncik, Nicole#Tielboerger, Katja#Uebernickel, Kirstin#Scholten, Thomas#Seguel, Oscar#Wagner, Dirk#Kuehn, Peter

Pedogenic and microbial interrelations to regional climate and local topography: New insights from a climate gradient (arid to humid) along the Coastal Cordillera of Chile

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The effects of climate and topography on soil physico-chemical and microbial parameters were studied along an extensive latitudinal climate gradient in the Coastal Cordillera of Chile (26 degrees-38 degrees S). The study sites encompass arid (Pan de Azucar), semiarid (Santa Gracia), mediterranean (La Campana) and humid (Nahuelbuta) climates and vegetation, ranging from arid desert, dominated by biological soil crusts (biocrusts), semiarid shrubland and mediterranean sclerophyllous forest, where biocrusts are present but do have a seasonal pattern to temperate-mixed forest, where biocrusts only occur as an early pioneering development stage after disturbance. All soils originate from granitic parent materials and show very strong differences in pedogenesis intensity and soil depth. Most of the investigated physical, chemical and microbiological soil properties showed distinct trends along the climate gradient. Further, abrupt changes between the arid northernmost study site and the other semi-arid to humid sites can be shown, which indicate non-linearity and thresholds along the climate gradient. Clay and total organic carbon contents (TOC) as well as Ah horizons and solum depths increased from arid to humid climates, whereas bulk density (BD), pH values and base saturation (BS) decreased. These properties demonstrate the accumulation of organic matter, clay formation and element leaching as key-pedogenic processes with increasing humidity. However, the soils in the northern arid climate do not follow this overall latitudinal trend, because texture and BD are largely controlled by aeolian input of dust and sea salts spray followed by the formation of secondary evaporate minerals. Total soil DNA concentrations and TOC increased from arid to humid sites, while areal coverage by biocrusts exhibited an opposite trend. Relative bacterial and archaeal abundances were lower in the arid site, but for the other sites the local variability exceeds the variability along the climate gradient. Differences in soil properties between topographic positions were most pronounced at the study sites with the mediterranean and humid climate, whereas microbial abundances were independent on topography across all study sites. In general, the regional climate is the strongest controlling factor for pedogenesis and microbial parameters in soils developed from the same parent material. Topographic position along individual slopes of limited length augmented this effect only under humid conditions, where water erosion likely relocated particles and elements downward. The change from alkaline to neutral soil pH between the arid and the semi-arid site coincided with qualitative differences in soil formation as well as microbial habitats. This also reflects non-linear relationships of pedogenic and microbial processes in soils depending on climate with a sharp threshold between arid and semi-arid conditions. Therefore, the soils on the transition between arid and semi-arid conditions are especially sensitive and may be well used as indicators of long and medium-term climate changes. Concluding, the unique latitudinal precipitation gradient in the Coastal Cordillera of Chile is predestined to investigate the effects of the main soil forming factor - climate - on pedogenic processes.

Artículo original

"We acknowledge support from the German Science Foundation (DFG) priority program SPP-1803 ""EarthShape: Earth Surface Shaping by Biota"". We are grateful to the Chilean National Park Service (CONAF) for providing access to the sample locations (Pan de Azucar, La Campana and Nahuelbuta) and on-site support of our research. We also thank CEAZA and ""Sucesion Galvez Munoz"", for providing access to the Reserva Natural Santa Gracia. We also express our deep gratitude to all students and other colleagues, who helped in the field and with logistics during several months of field work and all students and technical assistants in all laboratories, who helped with the analyses."

"Agradecemos el apoyo del programa prioritario SPP-1803 ""EarthShape: Modelado de la Superficie Terrestre por la Biota"" de la Fundación Alemana para la Ciencia (DFG). Agradecemos al Servicio de Parques Nacionales de Chile (CONAF) por el acceso a las ubicaciones de muestreo (Pan de Azúcar, La Campana y Nahuelbuta) y el apoyo in situ para nuestra investigación. También agradecemos a CEAZA y a Sucesión Gálvez Muñoz por el acceso a la Reserva Natural Santa Gracia. Asimismo, expresamos nuestra profunda gratitud a todos los estudiantes y colegas que colaboraron en el terreno y con la logística durante varios meses de trabajo de campo, y a todos los estudiantes y asistentes técnicos de todos los laboratorios que colaboraron con los análisis.

We acknowledge support from the German Science Foundation (DFG) priority program SPP-1803 ""EarthShape: Earth Surface Shaping by Biota"". We are grateful to the Chilean National Park Service (CONAF) for providing access to the sample locations (Pan de Azucar, La Campana and Nahuelbuta) and on-site support of our research. We also thank CEAZA and ""Sucesion Galvez Munoz"", for providing access to the Reserva Natural Santa Gracia. We also express our deep gratitude to all students and other colleagues, who helped in the field and with logistics during several months of field work and all students and technical assistants in all laboratories, who helped with the analyses."

10.1016/j.catena.2018.06.018

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Climate# Topography# Soil texture# Total organic carbon# Carbon isotope ratio (delta C-13(TOC))# Microbial abundance

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2018.06.018

Geosciences, Multidisciplinary# Soil Science# Water Resources

Clima# Topografía# Textura del suelo# Carbono orgánico total# Relación de isótopos de carbono (delta C-13(TOC))# Abundancia microbiana

Ciencias del suelo

Climatología

Microbiología

WOS:000441681500029

Pedogenic and microbial interrelations to regional climate and local topography: New insights from a climate gradient (arid to humid) along the Coastal Cordillera of Chile

Artículo original

version publicada

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CATENA

Geociencias, Multidisciplinaria# ciencia del suelo# Recursos hídricos

0341-8162

en

DFG SPP 1803

DFG SPP-1803

CONAF

"We acknowledge support from the German Science Foundation (DFG) priority program SPP-1803 ""EarthShape: Earth Surface Shaping by Biota"". We are grateful to the Chilean National Park Service (CONAF) for providing access to the sample locations (Pan de Azucar, La Campana and Nahuelbuta) and on-site support of our research. We also thank CEAZA and ""Sucesion Galvez Munoz"", for providing access to the Reserva Natural Santa Gracia. We also express our deep gratitude to all students and other colleagues, who helped in the field and with logistics during several months of field work and all students and technical assistants in all laboratories, who helped with the analyses."

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